The horizontal reconstructive ladder

The new reconstructive ladder: modifications to the traditional model.

The traditional reconstructive ladder has withstood the test of time, serving as a thought paradigm to guide surgeons in choosing their method of wound closure for an assortment of defects. Advances in anatomical understanding and technological innovations have improved our ability to achieve definitive closure in a wide variety of patients. In this article, the older construct is updated to re...

The Plastic Surgery Compass: Navigating the Reconstructive Ladder in the Personalized Health Care Era

The reconstructive ladder and the reconstructive elevator have withstood the test of time as didactic tools for resident education. Over time, many alternative models have been suggested to incorporate the technological advances in plastic surgery, but none of them have focused on the patient. Changes in practice and the trend toward personalized health care demand a 360-degree evaluation and s...

From Reconstructive Triangle to Reconstructive Quadrangle: Time to Include Tissue Distraction in the Reconstructive Algorithms

Knowledge management: the ladder of research utilization

Introduction: Knowledge management helps us to share, learn and regenerate the new knowledge. Knowledge is the most important asset and greatest competitive advantage of many organizations today. Simultaneously, it can be observed that many organizations realize it is highly problematic and complicated to collect, store, retrieve, find, disseminate and reuse knowledge in modern fast changing or...

The birank number of ladder, prism and Mobius ladder graphs

Given a graph G, a function f : V (G)→ {1, 2, ..., k} is a k-biranking of G if f(u) = f(v) implies every u-v path contains vertices x and y such that f(x) > f(u) and f(y) < f(u). The birank number of a graph, denoted bi(G), is the minimum k such that G has a k-biranking. In this paper we determine the birank numbers for ladder, prism, and Möbius ladder graphs.